Ford Bronco And F-150 Links - Anti-Lock Brake (ABS) - RABS (RABS II 87-92) & 4WABS (93-96)

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FORD BRONCO -> BRAKE SYSTEM; 4WABS, RABS, Self Test... -> Anti-Lock Brake (ABS) - RABS (RABS II 87-92) & 4WABS (93-96)

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Although we initially developed this site for 78-96 Big Broncos, information in many Links also applies to F, E Series & Cars. UPDATE; all Links via web.archive may be down; Copy orig. URL & go to http://replay.waybackmachine.org/ to search for the new archived copy

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ABS Light On in TSB 95-5-21 for 92-95 Bronco & F Series; "On some vehicles the HO2S wires in the 12A690 (subassembly of the 14B060 battery cable) harness may become chafed and the vehicle could exhibit any one of the following conditions..." READ MORE

Fuse 13 Blown, Stop & Hazard Lamps, Stop Sensor for Anti-Lock Brakes (ABS) Speed Control & PCM; & ABS Light On in TSB 95-02-11 for 92-95 Bronco & F Series; Short Circuits, Common Locations TSB 95-02-11 on 94-95 Bronco & Trucks; Miesk5 NOTE, the TSB advises on Possible Short Locations, See Repairs for each condition and the location diagram; Miesk5 Note; for Fuse E, also see TSB 95-5-21 for 92-95 Bronco & F Series

Incorrect (RABS I) Electronic Control Unit Installed TSB 93-17-9 in 87-92 Bronco, 87-93 F-150-350 SERIES, 89-93 Ranger, 90-93 Aerostar & Econoline, 91-92 Explorer, 87-90 Bronco II

Mercury Sensor Removal Guide, Bronco (ABS sensors 93-96 & under-hood lights) locations, pics, removal instructions (Explorer), etc.

RABS Inoperative (dash lights on, etc.); E4OD transmission control switch (TCIL) wiring may be misrouted causing a short in the steering column and a blown # 17 fuse for 92-96 in TSB 92-22-5 for 92 Bronco & all Light Trucks

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4WABS Acceleration Sensor pic in a 95; "...It bolts to the inside of the drivers side frame..."
Source: by td 152 at FSB

4WABS Acceleration Switch (G-Force Sensor) Connector Location in Full Body Diagram in a 96, Page 3
Source: by Ford via Chilton

4WABS Acceleration Switch (G-Force Sensor) pic in a 96
Source: by lawdog78 at FSB

4WABS Acceleration Switch (G-Force Sensor) Removal in 93-96 Bronco/93-02 Explorer & Mazda Navajo/95-01 4x4 Ranger & Mazda B-Series Pick-Up/97-02 AWD Mountaineer; 1. Raise and support the vehicle. 2. Locate the ABS G-Force Sensor on the left frame rail, right below the driver. 3. Remove the two nuts. 4. Unclip the fuel filter from the vehicle frame (on some models). 5. Disconnect the harness connector. 6. Remove ABS G-Force Sensor.
Source: by elvsolutions.org

4WABS Application Chart, TEVES MARK 4, Bronco & Ford
Source: by Larry C CarleySoftware.com via aa1car.com

4WABS Brake Pressure Control Valve; "... The brake pressure control valve regulates pressure to the rear brakes to create a balance between the front and rear brakes ..." read more (under license from Delmar Publishers, comb of Chilton/Nichols/Delmar & Haynes); some may be incorrect, as reported by Seabronc, thanks Seabronc! NEW SITE URL!!! MUST REGISTER TO VIEW; select year, make, model, engine size and go to appropriate section
Source: by Chilton via AutoZone

4WABS Component Locations & Operation; "...Anti-Lock Hydraulic Control Unit (2C215) located in the front of the engine compartment on the left frame rail. Anti-lock brake electronic control module located in the engine compartment behind the driver's side headlamp on a bracket mounted on the surface of the plastic fender apron. Two front brake anti-lock sensors (2C204) are attached to the suspension knuckles. The front brake anti-lock sensor indicators (2C182) are pressed onto the backside of the rotors. Rear axle speed sensor integrated into the rear axle housing. Acceleration sensor attached to the left frame rail under the driver. Stoplight switch (13480) located at the brake pedal (2455). Main relay (14N089) located in the power distribution box. Pump motor relay located in the power distribution box. System diode located in the relay box mounted behind the power distribution box with the main relay. Fuses for system power and the pump motor are both located in the power distribution box..." read more
Source: by Ford via Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

4WABS Connectors Diagrams for 93-96
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

4WABS Connectors Diagrams for 93-96
Source: by Ford via Chilton

4WABS Control Module Bypass for PSOM Operation due to Bad 4WABS Control Module at 4WABS Module Connector; "...jumper 14 (CKT 530, LG/Y)to 21 (CKT 519 (LG/BK) & 39 (CKT 491 (O/LB)to 22 (CKT 523, R/PK)..."
Source: by Turbo Ghost at photobucket.com

4WABS Control Module Bypass for PSOM Operation due to Bad 4WABS Control Module; "...jumper 14 to 21, & 39 to 22..." MIESK5 NOTE; See diagram. I did this on our 96; The 4WABS Control Module was toasted; 2 yard 4WABS Control Modules were also bad; NO RETURNS!
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at FSB

4WABS Control Module Bypass for PSOM Operation due to Bad 4WABS Control Module; "...To bypass the 4WABS module & feed the ABS signal directly to the PSOM, jumper 14 (CKT 530, LG/Y)to 21 (CKT 519 (LG/BK) & 39 (CKT 491 (O/LB)to 22 (CKT 523, R/PK) ..." MIESK5 NOTE; see Steve's 4WABS Connectors Diagrams for 93-96 for the Module's Connector Pin-Outs
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

4WABS Control Module Overview; "...A new light truck 4-Wheel ABS was introduced as standard equipment on the 1993 Explorer and Bronco, and it was revised in 1994 on Broncos, requiring a different control module revision for 94-96 Broncos, compared to the original '93 Bronco module. The anti-lock brake electronic control module is located in the engine compartment behind the driver's side head lamp on a bracket mounted on the surface of the plastic fender apron. It is an on-board diagnostic, non-repairable unit consisting of two microprocessors and the necessary circuitry for their operation. These microprocessors are programmed identically. The anti-lock brake electronic control module monitors system operation during normal driving as well as during anti-lock braking. In addition, the anti-lock brake electronic control module provides a speed signal to the programmable speedometer/odometer module (PSOM)..." read more
Source: by Ford via Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

4WABS Control Module pic #1 in 94-96
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

4WABS Control Module pic #2 in 94-96; Ford pn F47A-2C219-FA
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

4WABS Control Module PN Label F37A-2C018-BB pic in a 93 Bronco. "...NOT for 94-96 Bronco"
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

4WABS Control Module Removal in 93-96; "...Disconnect the plug from it, remove the 10mm bolt holding it in and slide it out of the keyway" (see lower image)
Source: by Froggmann (Ken P) at froggmann.com

4WABS Cut-Off Switch Installation 93-96 Bronco
Source: by Froggmann (Ken P) at froggmann.com

4WABS Cut-Off Switch Installation 93-96 Bronco
Source: by Froggmann (Ken P) at The Web Wheeler

4WABS DTCs for 96, Search
Source: by Wells

4WABS DTCs in 93-96 & Applicable Pin-Point Test Step
Source: by Ford via Chilton

4WABS False Activation, Ford 4x4 & Bronco; Kelsey Hayes EBC310/325 4-wheel ABS systems; Air Gap
Source: by Bill W at mightyautoparts.com

4WABS Ground Location in 93-96; "...Grounds 10-11 Rear of LH fender apron (Driver's Side) Component 4WABS Control Module, 4WABS Data Link Connector, 4WABS Relay #1..."
Source: by miesk5 at Ford Bronco Zone Forums

4WABS Hard or Soft Brake Pedal; "...Stuck shut inlet (isolation) valve (hard) or leaky outlet (dump) valve (soft). Leaky inlet (isolation) valve during ABS (soft). Hydraulic leak in brake line or hose, fitting, brake master cylinder, wheel cylinder, or caliper. Air in brake system. Little or no vacuum boost. Stuck or inoperative wheel cylinder or caliper. Pinched or crimped brake line or hose..." MIESK5 NOTE; by SigEpBlue; the HCU isn't even doing anything but sit there passively, until the control module actuates a valve or the pump
Source: by Ford via Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

4WABS Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) & Valves Flow Diagram
Source: by Ford via Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

4WABS Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) & Valves Wiring Diagram & Overview; "...The front inlet valves should read 5-8 Ohms each; all other valves should read 3-6 Ohms each. Sensors should read 800-1400 Ohms across the pins, and more than 10 Ohms from the metal shell to either pin. The pump motor sensor should be 5-40 Ohms. The acceleration sensor is a group of switches which should be closed when the truck is stationary & level. When the sensor is tilted ~1" up in the rear, pins 2-3 should go open; when tilted ~1.5" up in the front, pins 1-3 should go open..."; miesk5 Note; for all Resistance tests, battery needs to be disconnected; remove Negative cable at battery
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

4WABS Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) Bleeding Procedure (DIY)
Source: by SigEpBlue (Steve) at FSB

4WABS Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) Connector Location Diagram, Engine Area in a 95
Source: by SeattleFSB (Seattle FSB) at SuperMotors.net

4WABS Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) Description, Location Removal & Installation; "...located outside of the engine compartment on a bracket which attaches to the left frame rail. It consists of the following: Brake pressure control valve block assembly, Pump motor, Hydraulic control unit reservoir w/ a fluid level indicator assembly. Disconnect the battery ground cable. 2.Unplug the 8-pin connector from the unit, and the 4-pin connector from the pump motor. 3.Disconnect the 5 inlet and outlet tubes from the unit. Immediately plug the ports. 4.Remove the 3 unit attaching nuts and lift out the unit. 5.Installation is the reverse of removal. Tighten the mounting nuts to 12-18 ft. lbs. (16-24 Nm) and the tube fittings to 10-18 ft. lbs. (13-24 Nm. After reconnecting the battery, it may take 10 miles or more of driving for the Powertrain Control Module to relearn its driveability codes. 6.Bleed the brakes..."
Source: by Chilton

4WABS Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) Motor; "...pulled a motor off a crown vic, the unit it self was differant but the motor was the same. Cost me 20 bucks. OH and the wire conector was differant as well but I just drafted the one from the nfg motor on to the crown and it works great. That was 4 years ago. no problems yet...its only 2 screws that hold it in. And best part is it doesn't open the system so you won't loose fluid and won't need to bleed it. Now all you need to do is go to the bone yard and find one..."
Source: by bossind (boss, Steve) at FSB

4WABS Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) pic in 93-96
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

4WABS Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) Removal & Installation (under license from Delmar Publishers, comb of Chilton/Nichols/Delmar & Haynes); some may be incorrect, as reported by Seabronc, thanks Seabronc! NEW SITE URL!!! MUST REGISTER TO VIEW; select year, make, model, engine size and go to appropriate section
Source: by Chilton via AutoZone

4WABS Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) Sources "...Used price locally is $150.00; 60 day guarantee; Babaganoosh wrote; "...BBA did the rebuilds on ABS Modules for my old VW/Audi Shop. They were super inexpensive, fast, friendly, and only had one issue with them ever and it was 50% my fault anyways (keep in mind it's VW stuff anyways...". by consensus the best re man 4WABS Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU)s are from bba-reman.com; BBA quotes $200 plus shipping for repair of/my HCU; "It usually takes about 3 days from receipt to repair..." miesk5 UPDATE, check w/BBA first; they may have stopped re-man ops.
Source: by Babaganoosh & miesk5 at FSB

4WABS Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) Test, Fig. 21 & 22 (under license from Delmar Publishers, comb of Chilton/Nichols/Delmar & Haynes); some may be incorrect, as reported by Seabronc, thanks Seabronc! NEW SITE URL!!! MUST REGISTER TO VIEW; select year, make, model, engine size and go to appropriate section
Source: by Chilton via AutoZone

4WABS Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU); CARDONE® Application Search Part Number: 12-2025 for 96
Source: by CARDONE® cardone.com

4WABS Lack of Deceleration During Medium/Hard Brake Application; Stuck shut inlet (isolation) valve or leaky outlet (dump) valve -- rear axle ONLY. Possible Source(s): � Hydraulic leak in brake line or hose, fitting, brake master cylinder, wheel cylinder, or caliper. � Air in brake system. � Little or no vacuum boost. � Stuck or inoperative wheel cylinder or caliper. � Pinched or crimped brake line or hose. � Ineffective brake shoe or pad linings.
Source: by Ford via Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

4WABS Master Cylinder and Brake Fluid Level Switch; "... The master cylinder reservoir is a clear, translucent plastic container with three main chambers: An integral fluid level switch is part of the master cylinder reservoir assembly. A low pressure hose is attached to the master cylinder reservoir which feeds brake fluid to the hydraulic control unit reservoir. The brake master cylinder reservoir and brake master cylinder filler cap gasket are serviced separately ..." read more (under license from Delmar Publishers, comb of Chilton/Nichols/Delmar & Haynes); some may be incorrect, as reported by Seabronc, thanks Seabronc! NEW SITE URL!!! MUST REGISTER TO VIEW; select year, make, model, engine size and go to appropriate section
Source: by Chilton via Autozone

4WABS Master Cylinder; "... is a tandem master cylinder. The primary (rear) circuit feeds the right side front and left side rear brakes. The secondary (front) circuit feeds the left side front and right side rear brakes. The master cylinder is serviced as a complete assembly. ..." read more (under license from Delmar Publishers, comb of Chilton/Nichols/Delmar & Haynes); some may be incorrect, as reported by Seabronc, thanks Seabronc! NEW SITE URL!!! MUST REGISTER TO VIEW; select year, make, model, engine size and go to appropriate section
Source: by Chilton via AutoZone

4WABS Pin-Point Testing in 93-96 Bronco; This is same as in Ford EVTM/PCED/Workshop Manual
Source: by Ford via Chilton & miesk5 at FSB

4WABS Power Brake Booster; "... The diaphragm-type power brake booster is self contained, and is mounted on the engine compartment side of the dash panel. The booster uses engine intake manifold vacuum and atmospheric pressure for its power. It is serviced as an assembly only, except for the power brake booster check valve ..." read more (under license from Delmar Publishers, comb of Chilton/Nichols/Delmar & Haynes); some may be incorrect, as reported by Seabronc, thanks Seabronc! NEW SITE URL!!! MUST REGISTER TO VIEW; select year, make, model, engine size and go to appropriate section
Source: by Chilton via AutoZone

4WABS Pulls During Braking; Fully or partially blocked right front inlet (isolation) valve. Fully or partially blocked left front inlet (isolation) valve. Frozen or binding caliper (one side of vehicle). Uneven brake pad or shoe wear. Pinched or crimped brake line or hose
Source: by Ford via Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

4WABS Relay Location in Power Distribution Box (PDB) in a 93 Bronco
Source: by Troll Banned (Bronco Rob, BroncoRob) at SuperMotors.net

4WABS Relay Location in Power Distribution Box Diagram in a 96 Bronco & F-Series
Source: by Ford via thedieselstop.com

4WABS Self Test & Connector Diagrams, Component Locations, DTCs & Possible Causes for 93-96
Source: by Chilton via Autozone

4WABS Self Test & Test Connector Diagram, Component Locations, DTCs, 93-96; USE THIS PROCESS! "...The 4WABS TEST Connector is red; located at the left-hand side (driver's side) of the engine compartment and marked ANTI-LOCK TEST; Light Flash Technique 1. Note: If 12V test light is not available, the amber ABS warning light also flashes during this test. Locate test connector in the engine compartment and install 12V test light between Pins C and E. 2. With the ignition off, jumper Pin E to B. 3. Turn key to RUN position. 4. Remove jumper between Pins E and B after 5 seconds. 5. Count light flashes of test light or amber ABS warning light..." read more; miesk5 Note; for all Resistance tests, battery needs to be disconnected; remove Negative cable at battery
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

4WABS Self Test Connector Location pic in a 93
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

4WABS Self Test Connector pic in a 95 (near driver's side hood hinge)
Source: by s8c2 (the wagon) at SuperMotors.net

4WABS Self Test for using 12 v. light or ABS Light & Test Connector Location; "Locate ABS Test Connector; install 12 v test light between Pins C and E; If no test light is used, ABS warning light will flash; jumper ABS Data Link Connector Pins B and E. 1. Note: If 12V test light is not available, the amber ABS warning light also flashes during this test. Locate test connector in the engine compartment and install 12V test light between Pins C and E. 2. With the ignition off, jumper Pin E to B. 3. Turn key to RUN position. 4. Remove jumper between Pins E and B after 5 seconds. 5. Count light flashes of test light or amber ABS warning light...All codes are 2 digits long. 3 to 6 seconds between digits in the same code. 15 seconds between codes. Probably want to run this test at least twice, to get the hang of reading the codes..." read more; - Miesk5 note use Steve83's process for more info
Source: by **DONOTDELETE** at forums.off-road.com

4WABS Sensor, Front Wheel Location pic & Shield Location pic on Spindle, Front Wheel in 93-96 Bronco; Note, driver's side pn is 44619 LH by SigEpBlue (Steve)
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

4WABS Sensor, Front Wheel Shield pics in 93-96; & Ford Part Number 44619 LH by SigEpBlue
Source: by MikeW (Mike W, BroncoNut) at FSB

4WABS Sensor, Front Wheel Tone Ring Removal & Installation (under license from Delmar Publishers, comb of Chilton/Nichols/Delmar & Haynes); some may be incorrect, as reported by Seabronc, thanks Seabronc! NEW SITE URL!!! MUST REGISTER TO VIEW; select year, make, model, engine size and go to appropriate section
Source: by Chilton via AutoZone

4WABS Sensor, Front Wheel, Air Gap; "...Remove the left front brake anti-lock sensor from the wheel end. Inspect mounting boss and sensor mounting plate for any metal flash or debris. Clean as necessary. Remount left front brake anti-lock sensor securely. Measure the air gap between the sensor and tone ring teeth. Repeat in at least two more wheel positions to ensure that gap does not vary as the wheel is turned. NOTE: Feeler gauges can be mounted to a welding rod and inserted between the vanes of the rotor to measure air gap precisely. Is the gap consistent and less than 0.070 inch? Yes - REPLACE left front brake anti-lock sensor. GO to L5. No - gap is greater than 0.070 inch Air gap is too large. REPLACE left front brake anti-lock sensor indicator. Here, you'd just move the exciter ring inward, closer to the sensor, instead of replacing the sensor indicator. GO to L5 No, gap is not consistent Left front brake anti-lock sensor indicator is not pressed on straight or axle end play is too great. GO to L6..."
Source: by SigEpBlue (Steve) at FSB

4WABS Sensor, Front Wheel, Removal & Installation in 93-96 Bronco; "...Step 10: Remove the ABS sensor shield. This is the part that is on the front of the steering knuckle. It wraps around the silver sensor cover and overlaps the spindle. It can be seen in the picture above on the right hand side of the spindle. Behind the steering knuckle you will find a small 12-point bolt that holds the ABS sensor shield to the knuckle. Use the 6mm 12 point socket to remove this bolt. The sheild on the knuckle should fall off or come off easily. If not, you can PB Blast the spot where the shield rests against the steering knuckle and let it sit for a few minutes, then tap lightly with the SFH. If you have to use force to remove the shield, be very careful not to damage the sensor. Step 11: Remove the bolt holding the sensor. Above the small bolt you just removed, you will see a larger bolt that holds the rear sensor cover and the sensor against the back of the steering knuckle. Use the 8 mm socket to remove this bolt. NOTE: You will not have to remove the sensor to remove the spindle, only the bolt..."
Source: by Shane C. (BigBlue, bigbluebronk) at FSB

4WABS Sensor, Front Wheel, Removal in 93-96 Bronco
Source: by Ian L (stangmata, stangmata50l, Bronco) at bucknakedoffroad.com

4WABS Sensor, Left Front Wheel Connector Location Diagram, Engine Area in a 95
Source: by SeattleFSB (Seattle FSB) at SuperMotors.net

4WABS System Bleeding in a 96 from the 1996 F-150, F-250, F-350, and Bronco Workshop Manual; CAUTION: Perform this procedure only if the Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) has been replaced. Follow conventional bleed procedures if the HCU is not being replaced.
Source: by Ford via thedieselstop.com

4WABS Tone Ring, Front Wheel Air Gap Troubleshooting; from Ford EVTM; "...Many companies, for some reason, are making the ring shoulder too deep, so the signal from the front wheel ABS sensor becomes very weak, and the ABS assumes that the wheel has locked, hence the truck starts doing the Charleston upon stopping...."
Source: by SigEpBlue (Steve) at FSB

4WABS Tone Ring, Front Wheel pic in 93-96 Bronco
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

4WABS Tone Ring, Front Wheel Removal & Installation in 93-96 Bronco; miesk5 Note, Ford calls the tone ring the Sensor Indicator, Anti-Lock Brake; "...Raise vehicle on hoist. Refer to Section 00-02. Remove wheel and tire assembly. Remove front disc brake caliper (2B121), rotor and hub assemblies. Refer to Section 06-03. CAUTION: Discard front brake anti-lock sensor indicator (2C182) after removal. Do not reuse old ring. Installation: Support center of hub so that wheel studs do not rest on work surface. Position new front brake anti-lock sensor indicator on front disc brake hub and rotor (1102). Using a cylinder with 79mm (3.1-inch) ID and 96mm (3.8-inch) OD, press the front brake anti-lock sensor indicator onto the hub. The front brake anti-lock sensor indicator must be fully seated against the shoulder in the front disc brake hub and rotor. Install hub, rotor and caliper assemblies. Refer to Section 06-03. Install wheel and tire assembly. Tighten wheel lug nuts (1012) to 115-142 Nm (85-105 lb-ft)..." from 1996 F-150, F-250, F-350 4x2, 4x4, Bronco and F-Super Duty Vehicles Workshop Manual
Source: by Ford via thedieselstop.com

4WABS Tone Ring, Front Wheel Removal & Installation in a 94; "...See Figure 1; Raise and support the front end on jackstands. Remove the wheels. Remove the caliper, rotor and hub. Using a 3-jawed puller, remove the ring from the hub. The ring cannot be reused; it must be replaced. To install: Support the hub in a press so that the lug studs do not rest on the work surface. Position the new sensor ring on the hub. Using a cylindrical adapter 98mm IDx106mm OD, press the ring into place. The ring must be fully seated! The remainder of installation is the reverse of removal..."
Source: by Chilton via Autozone

4WABS Tone Ring, Front Wheel Removal in a 95 without Press
Source: by sackman9975 (Scott) at FSB

4WABS Tone Ring, Front Wheel Removal in a 96; "...If you have a press or a gear puller try it, but don't press on the bearing in the center of the rotor. What worked for me was you'll notice the lugs are now resting against the ring, I pounded on each lug a couple of times in a star pattern until the ring came off. For reassembly I tapped the ring back on in a star pattern with a rubber mallat and finished it off with a solid tap in the star pattern from the small sledge to be sure it was all the way on. If the sledge has a nice bouce, it's tight..."
Source: by Tom H at ford.off-road.com

4WABS Tone Ring, Front Wheel Removal without Press pics in a 95
Source: by sackman9975 (Scott) at SuperMotors.net

4WABS Tone Ring, Front Wheel, Wheel Bearings, & Warn Hub Swap in a 95
Source: by Trucky18 (B'co) at SuperMotors.net

4WABS Trailer Relay Box Location pic in 92-96; to the right side of the Power Distribution Box, whose cover is open; miesk5 note, squeeze both sets of tabs together & lift cover off; only 1 Bosch style relay is in there
Source: by Froggmann (Ken P) at froggmann.com

4WABS Troubleshooting; miesk5 Note; for all Resistance tests, battery needs to be disconnected; remove Negative cable at battery
Source: by Ford via Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

4WABS VSS (also called called RABS) & PSOM, PCM Wiring Diagram & Info in 93 - 96 Bronco
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

4WABS VSS Connector Location Diagram in a 94 (part of overhead console wiring diagram series); C911 (left vanity mirror lamp), C1048 (E4OD), C913 (day/night mirror auto-lamp sensor), C271 (inertia fuel shut-off), C223 (electronic shift control module), C1012 (MLPS), C1020 ($r70W output shaft speed sensor), C1049 (4R70W), C328 (safing sensor), C404 (DSS/VSS/ABS rear axle sensor), C417 (trailer lamps), C440 (fuel level sender), C220 (to transfer case), C 117 (C6), C127 (neutral safety switch NSS), C161 (hi/low indicator switch), C510 (left front door disarm switch), C299 (RABS valve assembly), C1012 (MLPS), C117, C1025 (C6 for (7.5 & 5.8 over 8500 GVW only), C440 (front fuel tank pump/sending unit Gasoline engines) , C421 (front fuel level tank sending unit Diesel), C403 (chassis cab & 185 in wheelbase only), C427 (rear tank fuel level sender Diesel only), C441 (rear tank fuel level tank sending unit Diesel), C441 (rear tank pump/sending unit chassis cab & 185 in wheelbase only)
Source: by Ford via Ken B (Kenny's 94) at SuperMotors.net

4WABS VSS Sensor Location pic (im 8.8 rear differential) in a 95
Source: by Broncodell at SuperMotors.net

4WABS VSS Tone Ring (also called Exciter Ring) Source & pic; Item #32392; "...This is the ring inside the axle housing that the speed/abs sensor reads off of. 8.5" outside diameter,108 Teeth..."
Source: by Jeff's Bronco Graveyard

4WABS VSS Tone Ring Damage pics in a 95 5.8
Source: by sackman9975 (Scott) at SuperMotors.net

4WABS VSS Tone Ring Installation for a Dana 60 in a 95
Source: by Shadofax (TheJuice, The Juice, Mark Z) at FSB

4WABS VSS Tone Ring Installation Info & pics for a Dana 60 in a 95
Source: by Shadofax (TheJuice, The Juice, Mark Z) at SuperMotors.net

4WABS Wheels Lock Up During Braking; Hydraulic outlet (dump) valve. � Damp or contaminated rear brake shoe linings, stuck/leaking wheel cylinder, overadjusted rear brakes. � Hung-up parking brake. � Leaking rear axle seal
Source: by Ford via Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

4WABS Wiring Diagram in 93-96
Source: by Ford via Chilton

4WABS Wiring Diagram in 93-96; miesk5 Note; for all Resistance tests, battery needs to be disconnected; remove Negative cable at battery
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

Brake Light Overview in 92-96; "...All vehicles use a brake warning light in the instrument cluster to warn of system malfunctions. The red warning light for the brakes can show three things; that either the parking brake is not fully released, that the brake fluid level is low in the master cylinder reservoir or the vacuum pressure is low on diesel engine vehicles. The anti-lock brake system uses one amber ABS warning light to alert the driver of malfunctions in the system. The amber ABS warning light will come on for numerous reasons. It warns the driver that the ABS has been disabled. Normal power-assisted braking remains but the wheels can lock during a panic stop while the indicator is on. Certain procedures must be followed to find the concern in this situation. Refer to «Section 06-09B» in the Powertrain/Drivetrain Manual for diagnosis and testing of the system.The yellow anti-lock brake indicator lights up for approximately two seconds when the ignition switch lock cylinder is first moved to ON or START for circuit prove out. The indicator also lights up when the RABS module detects a malfunction in the system. The self-test feature contains codes that indicate the area of the malfunction. When a malfunction is detected, the RABS control module shuts down the system and the yellow anti-lock warning indicator comes on. This permits normal braking. A code can be retrieved by momentarily grounding the diagnostic pigtail (black with orange stripe wire) after it is disconnected from KAM (keep-alive power red wire) and counting the flashes of the yellow ABS lamp. To make sure the diagnostic trouble code (DTC) is not lost from memory, the ignition switch lock cylinder must be left in the ON position before the diagnostic lead is disconnected from KAM power. If more than one diagnostic trouble code exists, only the first code stored will be displayed. Additional codes will be output only after the first fault is corrected..." read more
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

Break-Out Box Overview; "...The breakout box put itself between the engine and the computer, and allowed the user to rapciously access the information being exchanged. They are simply a pinout board, mounted in a box, with associated cabling, like this... You can see the way the cabling hooks into the computer and then bridges into the automobile system. A closer look at the pinout board, little holes numbered to correspond to the numbered wires in the connector:The output is readable with a high impedance (this is IMPORTANT- Digital Volts Ohmeter (DVOM) No cheap knockoffs here, they may fry the computer by introducing their own voltage.) Not as fancy as a scanner which decodes the meaning for you, but valuable nonetheless because you can always look up every meaning of the output signal somewhere. Like on the factory manual CD or in the manual itself! FORD decided to make maximum use of the breakout box, and designed add ons to allow you to look at other systems. Here for example, is a harness (still looking new in the wrapper) that hooks into all the Distributorless Ignition System (DIS). It connects to the sensor connectors... allowing you full access to the signals, even while the engine is running: TFI (thick film Ignition) Yes there is a cable for this. Mine cost me $15. Here is the diagram ...There was an adapter for the breakout box that read the brake codes, AND... AND... did the procedure for properly bleeding them. It was called the anitlock Brake Adapter (ALA) and looks like this when installed in the unbilical for the breakout box: Betwen $125 and $200 on E-bay. Worth every penny if you want to look inside that engine..."
Source: by Glacier991 (Chris) at explorerforum.com

Dash Harness pic in a 96 F 150; "...some connectors have been removed..."
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

DTC 10, Short Circuits, Common Locations TSB 95-02-11 on 94-95 Bronco & Trucks
Source: by Ford via Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

DTC 16 ABS Warning Light On Intermittently with Code 16 & Possible Causes
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

DTC 27, 29, 452, P0502, P0503, PO716, PO718; Insufficient input from VSS.; "...A more difficult problem to identify is a VSS that works, but sends out the wrong signal for a given vehicle speed. In some cases, a wrong reading from the VSS may still cause a code to be set. For example, if the VSS signal tells the computer the vehicle is traveling 60 miles an hour, but the throttle position sensor and MAP sensor tell the computer that the engine is idling, the computer will be confused. And a confused computer should set any of the following codes: Ford 27, 29, 452. On a vehicle that uses the VSS as a safety device, a defective sensor may send out a wrong "too fast" signal, shutting down fuel flow at the wrong time. Although this doesn’t happen often, it can be a difficult problem to identify. The customer will probably describe it as a random or intermittent sudden loss of power and poor performance, onlyto have the engine resume normal operation. Routine diagnostic checks of the engine in the shop won’t show any problem because there isn’t a problem with the engine or the ECM..." read more
Source: by wellsmfgcorp.com

DTC P0500 Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) Malfunction; "... Indicates the powertrain control module (PCM) detected an error in the vehicle speed information. Vehicle speed data is received from either the vehicle speed sensor (VSS), transfer case speed sensor (TCSS), anti-lock brake system (ABS) control module, generic electronic module (GEM), or central timer module (CTM). If the engine rpm is above the torque converter stall speed (automatic transmission) and engine load is high, it can be inferred that the vehicle must be moving. If there is insufficient vehicle speed data input, a malfunction is indicated and a DTC is set. On most vehicle applications the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) will be triggered when this DTC is set. Open in VSS+/VSS- harness circuit. Open in TCSS signal or TCSS signal return harness circuit. Short to GND in VSS harness circuit. Short to GND in TCSS harness circuit. Short to PWR in VSS harness circuit. Short to PWR in TCSS harness circuit. Open or short in the vehicle speed circuit(s) (VSC) between the PCM and appropriate control module. Damaged VSS or TCSS. Damaged wheel speed sensors. Damaged wheel speed sensor harness circuits. Damage in module(s) connected to VSC/VSS circuit. Damage drive mechanism for VSS or TCSS. Diagnostic Aids: - Monitor VSS PID while driving vehicle. This DTC is set when the PCM detects a sudden loss of VSS signal over a period of time. If vehicle speed data is lost, check source of where vehicle speed signal originates. Note TCSS does not have a PID, circuitry frequency must be checked for sudden loss of sensor signal..."
Source: by slingblade at The National Lightning Owners Club

DTC P0500 & Possible Causes; "...Symptoms may include loss of anti-lock brakes; the "anti-lock" or "brake" warning lamps on the dash may be lit; the speedometer or odometer may not work properly (or at all), your vehicle's RPM limiter may be decreased, the shifting of an automatic transmission may become erratic, other symptoms may also be present. A code P0500 may mean that one or more of the following has happened: The Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) is not reading (functioning) properly. There is a broken/frayed wire leading to the vehicle speed sensor. Possible Solutions; The simplest thing to do is to reset the code and see if it comes back. Next, check all wiring and connectors that lead to the speed sensor. The location of the sensor depends on your vehicle. The sensor could be on the rear axle (for 93-96 Bronco). If the wiring and connectors are OK, then check the voltage at the speed sensor. Again, the exact procedure wil depend on your make and model of vehicle. If everything looks OK, replace the sensor. miesk5 note; other problems can include a bad 4WABS controller (behind left headlight), bad wiring or connector pin corrosion or "pin back-out" or shorts/grounds between VSS to controller to PSOM, bad PSOM, etc.
Source: by obd-codes.com

DTC P0501 - Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) Range/ Performance; "... Indicates the powertrain control module (PCM) detected an error in the vehicle speed information. This DTC is set the same way as P0500, however the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) is not triggered. Refer to possible causes for P0500. Refer to diagnostic aids for P0500..."
Source: by slingblade at The National Lightning Owners Club

DTC P0503 - Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) Intermittent; "... Indicates poor or noisy VSS performance. Vehicle speed data is received from either the vehicle speed sensor (VSS), transfer case speed sensor (TCSS), anti-lock brake system (ABS) control module, generic electronic module (GEM), or central timer module (CTM). Noisy VSS/TCSS input signal from Radio Frequency Interference/Electro- Magnetic Interference (RFI/EMI) external sources such as ignition components or charging circuit. Damaged VSS or driven gears. Damaged TCSS. Damaged wiring harness or connectors. Malfunction in module(s) or circuit connected to VSS/TCSS circuit. After market add-on. Monitor VSS PID while driving vehicle, check for intermittent vehicle speed indication. Verify ignition and charging system are functioning Verify ignition and charging system are functioning correctly. Check for good VSS (-) to ground..."
Source: by slingblade at The National Lightning Owners Club

DTC P1500 - Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) Intermittent; "... Indicates the VSS input signal was intermittent. This DTC is set when a VSS fault interferes with other OBDII tests, such as Catalyst efficiency monitor, EVAP monitor, HO2S monitor, etc. Intermittent VSS connections Intermittent open in VSS harness circuit(s) Intermittent short in VSS harness circuit(s) Damaged VSS Damaged PCM..."
Source: by slingblade at The National Lightning Owners Club

DTC P1501, P1502 - Vehicle Speed Sensor & Possible Causes
Source: by slingblade at The National Lightning Owners Club

DTC P1703 - Brake Switch Out of Self-Test Range; "... Indicates that during Key On Engine Off (KOEO) Self-Test, BPP signal was high. Or during Key On Engine Running (KOER) Self -Test, the BPP signal did not cycle high and low. Open or short in (BPP) circuit Open or short in stoplamp circuits Damaged PCM Malfunction in module(s) connected to BPP circuit (Rear Electronic Module [REM] Windstar and LS6/LS8 and Lighting Control Module (LCM), Damaged Brake Switch, Misadjusted Brake Switch. Check for proper function of stoplamps. Follow correct Self-Test procedures, refer to Section 2, Quick Test..."
Source: by slingblade at The National Lightning Owners Club

Fuse 13 Blown, Stop & Hazard Lamps, Stop Sensor for Anti-Lock Brakes (ABS) Speed Control & PCM Short Circuits, Common Locations TSB 95-02-11 for 94-95 Bronco & F Series; wire harness may be pinched/shorted behind the dash where the 14401 wire assy may come in contact w/a sharp edge on dash panel wall - had same short here too; caused E4OD's TCIL (OD switch-LED) to blink like friggin pia; wires pinched @ brake/tail lights - my 96's stop/turn/tail lights wires were almost cut in half on passenger side against 1/4 panel (inner); wires pinched @ high mount brake light & @ driver's left hand seat belt anchor bolt @ base of B Pillar. See the location diagram
Source: by Ford via Chilton

Fuse 13 Blown, Stop & Hazard Lamps, Stop Sensor for Anti-Lock Brakes (ABS) Speed Control & PCM Short Circuits, Common Locations TSB 95-02-11 for 94-95 Bronco & F Series; wire harness may be pinched/shorted on steering column support behind the dash where the 14401 wire assy may come in contact w/a sharp edge on dash panel wall, I had same short here too & caused E4OD's TCIL (OD switch-LED) to blink like a friggin pia; wires pinched @ brake/tail lights, my 96's stop/turn/tail lights wires were almost cut in half on passenger side against 1/4 panel (inner); wires pinched @ high mount brake light & @ driver's left hand seat belt anchor bolt @ base of B Pillar. See the location diagram
Source: by Ford via Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

Fuse E Blown, Short Circuits, Common Locations TSB 95-02-11 on 94-95 Bronco & Trucks; Miesk5 Note; also see TSB 95-5-21 for 92-95 Bronco & F Series
Source: by Ford via Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

Fuse E Blown, Short Circuits, Common Locations TSB 95-02-11 on 94-95 Bronco & Trucks; Miesk5 Note; also see TSB 95-5-21 for 92-95 Bronco & F Series
Source: by Ford via Chilton

Incorrect (RABS I) Electronic Control Unit Installed TSB 93-17-9 in 87-92 Bronco, 87-93 F-150-350 SERIES, 89-93 Ranger, 90-93 Aerostar & Econoline, 91-92 Explorer, 87-90 Bronco II
Source: by Ford via AP at justanswer.com

Programmable Speedometer Odometer Module (PSOM) Overview, Calibration, 4WABS, Overhead Console Temperature Sensor Interface, E4OD & 4R70W; "S" in a circle displayed on the right side of the digital odometer above the last number Info & Diagrams
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

PSOM & Odometer Not Working in 93-96,PSOM Continuity Test Through 4WABS Control Module Connector; "...jumper 14 to 21, & 39 to 22..." MIESK5 NOTE; See diagram. I did this on our 96; The 4WABS Control Module was toasted; 2 yard 4WABS Control Modules were also bad; NO RETURNS!
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

PSOM & Odometer Not Working in 93-96, PSOM Continuity Test Through 4WABS Control Module Connector; "...jumper 14 to 21, & 39 to 22..." MIESK5 NOTE; See diagram. I did this on our 96; The 4WABS Control Module was toasted; 2 yard 4WABS Control Modules were also bad; NO RETURNS!
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at fourdoorbronco.com

PSOM & Odometer Not Working in 93-96, PSOM Continuity Test Through 4WABS Control Module Connector; "...jumper 14 to 21, & 39 to 22..." MIESK5 NOTE; See diagram. I did this on our 96; The 4WABS Control Module was toasted; 2 yard 4WABS Control Modules were also bad; NO RETURNS!
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at FSB

PSOM & Odometer Not Working in RABS Model Years, 87-92 Bronco and ALL F Series through 96 "...If the RABS module is suspect, simply unplug it...WHEREAS; A failed 4WABS module can interfere with the PSOM & everything on the Gy/Bk circuit, but the RABS module won't..."
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

RABS (RABS II 87-92) Overview; "...The RABS system is found on all models except the F-Super Duty and 1993-96 Bronco models...." (under license from Delmar Publishers, comb of Chilton/Nichols/Delmar & Haynes); some may be incorrect, as reported by Seabronc, thanks Seabronc! NEW SITE URL!!! MUST REGISTER TO VIEW; select year, make, model, engine size and go to appropriate section
Source: by Chilton via AutoZone

RABS - KELSEY-HAYES RABS Overview (87-92), Faults & Troubleshooting (Rear-wheel, Nonintegral)- The Kelsey-Hayes rear wheel antilock brake system was first used by Ford in 1987 on F series trucks, and was later added to the Ford Ranger, Bronco, Bronco II, Explorer, Aerostar and Econoline vans. Ford calls their version of Kelsey-Hayes EBC2 system "RABS" for Rear-wheel Antilock Brake System."
Source: by Larry C CarleySoftware.com via aa1car.com

RABS Application Chart, Bronco & Ford; KELSEY-HAYES RABS (Rear-wheel, Nonintegral) 87 to 92
Source: by Larry C CarleySoftware.com via aa1car.com

RABS Brea Speed Sensor Re-locator Location pics in a 90 Currie 9 inch; "Brea Speed Sensor Reluctor Disc is mounted around the vehicle's transfer case yoke which connects to the driveshaft, paired with a magnetic sensor that is bracketed in place using one of the stock transfer case bolts. The OEM magnetic speed sensor is utilized and attached off the transmission using owner supplied hardware or optional custom BAE bracket. You cannot use any Brea Reluctor as the magnets are spaced and calibrated for your specific differential gear ratio and tire size. I did not install the Brea Speed Sensor due to them telling me it was designed for 1992+ PSOM vehicles and that they have not tested, nor could they guaranty, if it would send a proper AC Frequency Wave for my 1990 RABS. So I removed the RABS. I believe that the Brea Reluctor will work with the 1987-1991 Bronco RABS as the rear differential sensor is the same as the 1992+ sensor. That would obviously lead me to believe that the AC Frequency Wave is the same as well. was initially going to try it but after considering the cost and complexity of my new 9" Rear End and Electric Boost Brakes, and the limited performance of RABS as opposed to 4-Wheel ABS, I opted not to "experiment" for the benefit of BAE..."
Source: by SeattleFSB (Seattle FSB) at SuperMotors.net

RABS Code 7 Pin-Point Tests in an 87
Source: by Chilton via miesk5 at Ford Bronco Zone Forums

RABS Code 9 Pin-Point Tests in a 91; part 1
Source: by Ford via Chilton

RABS Code 9 Pin-Point Tests in a 91; part 2
Source: by Ford via Chilton

RABS Code 9 Pin-Point Tests in a 91; part 3
Source: by Ford via Chilton

RABS Codes 2, 4, 5 & 9 (incomplete) Pin-Point Tests in an 88; & Self Test; Click NEXT to view all pages; miesk5 Note; for all Resistance tests, battery needs to be disconnected; remove Negative cable at battery
Source: by Jem270 at SuperMotors.net

RABS Component Location Info in 90-92 Bronco & 90-96 F Series w/Ford Part Numbers
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

RABS Component Location Info in an 88 (click NEXT to View more pages)
Source: by Jem270 at SuperMotors.net

RABS Connector Location in Frame Rail Diagram in a 90
Source: by Seattle FSB (SeattleFSB) at SuperMotors.net

RABS Description & Operation, Diagnosis & Testing, Removal & Installation, & Adjustments Procedures, Specifications, & Special Service ToolsEquipment in a 96 F150 from 1996 F-150, 250, 350 (4x4), and Bronco Vehicles Workshop Manual
Source: by Ford via thedieselstop.com

RABS Fading Brake Pedal in 87-92
Source: by Jeff B at Indentfix via asashop.org

RABS Functions Diagram
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

RABS Low or Sinking Pedal, Ford; "...Contamination may be holding the dump valve portion of the Anti- Lock Braking System open, allowing the brake fluid to bypass into the accumulator and create a low or sinking brake pedal..."
Source: by CARDONE® cardone.com

RABS Module Connector Location Behind Dash in a 90
Source: by Seattle FSB (SeattleFSB) at SuperMotors.net

RABS Module Location Diagram in 90-92 Bronco & 90-96 F Series; w/Ford Part Numbers for 87-92 Bronco, 87 and up F Series, 89-93 Ranger, 1991-92 Explorer, 87-90 Bronco II & 90-93 Aerostar
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

RABS Module Location pic in a 92; behind the glove box
Source: by Jeremy M (Big '92, jermil01) at SuperMotors.net

RABS Overview; "...The Rear ABS is what is called an "open" hydraulic system. When an ABS stop is initiated and wheel lock is detected, the isolation or inlet valve closes, preventing any more fluid from going to the rear wheels. Then, if necessary to prevent lockup, an outlet or dump valve opens to bleed fluid out of the rear brake lines. That fluid goes to an accumulator and is held there for the remainder of the stop.In RABS "open" system, if there is a low fluid condition and the red warning light comes on, the ABS electronic control unit will detect this condition, turn the amber ABS warning light on and disable the system. The vehicle operator will still have basic brake system performance, but the benefit of RABS is lost.The reason for disabling the RABS is that the low fluid condition could be caused by a leak in the brake system, decreasing its performance..."
Source: by Ford via Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

RABS Overview; miesk5 NOTE: "1987 was the year the rear anti-lock brakes (RABS) were standardized on Broncos; "...Rear-wheel ABS is another type of ABS available on some light trucks. It works in a similar fashion to four-wheel ABS, but monitors and operates only the rear wheels, especially important with light trucks, which often carry heavy loads supported primarily by the rear suspension and wheels..."
Source: by Ford fordvehicles.com

RABS Self Test & Diagnosis Codes; "...The possible flashout codes are listed and explained in the Flash Codes Chart. Note that Codes 1 and 16 are not used. Flashout Codes Whenever the yellow REAR ABS light comes on during normal operation, a flashout code may be obtained to aid in problem diagnosis. If the vehicle is shut off before the code is read from a RABS-I module, the code will be lost. In some cases, the code may reappear when the vehicle is restarted. In other cases, the vehicle may have to be driven to reproduce the problem and, if the problem was associated with an intermittent condition, it may be difficult to reproduce. Therefore, whenever possible, it is recommended that the code be read before the vehicle is shut off. RABS II modules have been designed with Keep Alive Memory to preserve stored codes during key-off, and are to be used to service all prior year RABS I systems, except for 1987 and 1988 Bronco II vehicles. WARNING: PLACE BLOCKS BEHIND THE REAR WHEELS AND IN FRONT OF THE FRONT WHEELS TO PREVENT THE VEHICLE FROM MOVING WHILE THE FLASHOUT CODE IS BEING TAKEN. NOTE: If the red BRAKE light is also on, due to a grounding of the fluid level circuit (perhaps low brake fluid), no flashout code will be flashed and the REAR ABS light will remain on steadily. NOTE: If there is more than one system fault only the first recognized flashout code may be obtained. Obtaining the Flashout Code A flashout code may be obtained only when the yellow REAR ABS light is on. No code will be flashed if the system is OK. There are certain faults (those associated with the fluid level switch or loss of power to the module) that will cause the system to be deactivated and the REAR ABS light to be illuminated, but will not provide a diagnostic flashout code. Before obtaining the flashout code, drive the vehicle to a level area, and place the shift lever in PARK for automatic transmissions and NEUTRAL for manual transmissions. Notice whether the red BRAKE light is on or not (for future reference) and then apply the parking brake. If a RABS(-1) module is installed, keep the ignition key in the ON position so that the code will not be lost. RABS II modules have been designed with Keep Alive Memory to preserve stored codes during key-off, and are to be used to service all prior year RABS I systems, except for 1987 and 1988 Bronco II vehicles. WARNING: PLACE BLOCKS BEHIND THE REAR WHEELS AND IN FRONT OF THE FRONT WHEELS TO PREVENT THE VEHICLE FROM MOVING WHILE THE FLASHOUT CODE IS BEING TAKEN. To obtain the flashout code, locate the RABS diagnostic connector (with the Bk/Or wire), and attach a jumper wire to it. Momentarily ground it to the chassis. When the ground is made and then broken, the REAR ABS light should begin to flash. NOTE: If the red BRAKE light was on (as noticed before the parking brake was applied), the problem may be with the low fluid level circuit and, in this case, no flashout code will be flashed and the light will remain on steadily. The code consists of a number of short flashes and ends with a long flash. Count the short flashes and include the following long flash in the count to obtain the code number. For example, three short flashes followed by one long flash indicates Flashout Code Four. The code will continue to repeat itself until the key is turned off. It is recommended that the code be verified by reading it several times. In addition, the first code flashed may be too short because it may have been started in the middle. It should be ignored..."
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

RABS Self Test & Diagnosis; except 93-96 (does not show self-test...miesk5 note; see other Links here for the self-test process; (under license from Delmar Publishers, comb of Chilton/Nichols/Delmar & Haynes); some may be incorrect, as reported by Seabronc, thanks Seabronc! NEW SITE URL!!! MUST REGISTER TO VIEW; select year, make, model, engine size and go to appropriate section
Source: by Chilton via AutoZone

RABS Self Test & Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) in Bronco, Explorer & Ford Truck & Van
Source: by Ashton C at rec.autos.makers.ford.explorer

RABS Self Test Diagnostic Connector Location pic in a 90; "...It comes out of a large loom under the dash, coming through the firewall, near the parking brake. On mine there are 2 similar connectors in that area, the correct one has only 1 black & orange wire running to it, & was hidden on top of the loom..."
Source: by ElKabong (Ken, El Kabong) at FSB

RABS Self Test Diagnostic Connector Location pic in a 92; under glove box
Source: by Jeremy M (Big '92, jermil01) at FSB

RABS Self Test Diagnostic Connector Location pic in a 92; under glove box
Source: by Jeremy M (Big '92, jermil01) at SuperMotors.net

RABS Self Test Diagnostic Connector Location pic in an 88; "...it is next to the brake pedal which this is a picture of and is C111; It has the one wire that is black/orange.."
Source: by Jem270 at FSB

RABS Self Test; except 93-96; "...from the 1990 Ford Truck Shop Manual. when Yellow ANTILOCK light is on & Red BRAKE light is off - is on; EXTENSIVE VERSION
Source: by ElKabong (Ken, El Kabong) at FSB

RABS Self Test; except 93-96; "...The 90 service manual gives a routine to pull RABS codes. When the light comes on, don't turn the truck off before reading the codes. Put it in park, chock both front & rear of the wheels, note whether the red brake light is lit also, then momentarily ground the test connector. The test connector comes out of a large loom under the dash, coming through the firewall, near the parking brake. On mine there are 2 similar connectors in that area, the correct one has only 1 black wire with an orange tracer running to it, & was hidden on top of the loom. The correct one is hanging down on the bottom right of the pic below. After you've grounded & ungrounded the wire, the yellow abs light starts to flash. Count the flashes. It said to not count the 1st series, because it may start in the middle. The last flash of the series is a long flash. Then it repeats over & over, until you turn the key off. Count all of the short flashes & the long one together (So 4 short & 1 long is code #5). If I remember right, it should be a number between 2 & 15 or so. If you follow Steve83's sig link, & then go to his Brakes & Hubs album, he has the code definitions for RABS.." READ MUCH MORE; miesk5 Note, Steve83 wrote, The RABS module won't screw up the speedo or trans the way the 4WABS module can, and even if it goes bad, simply unplugging it removes it from the Gy/Bk circuit.
Source: by ElKabong (Ken, El Kabong) at FSB

RABS Sensor (also called called VSS or Speed Sensor Ring) Tone Ring Inspection in an 8.8; "...Take off the rear diff cover. Check the Ring Tone gear. It is located on the left hand side of the ring gear. Look to see if any of the teeth have been notched (from debris floating around in the diff.) Usually a spider gear. If the ring tone gear has been notched, it will need to be replaced to fix your speedo reading. Jack it up and rotate the tires to look for the teeth to be notched/broken/bent..."
Source: by Bighibbi at FSB

RABS Sensor (also called called VSS or Speed Sensor Ring) Tone Ring Removal/Installation w/additional info incorporated by Steve83
Source: by Dave's Bronc 90 (Dave B) at FSB

RABS Sensor (also called called VSS) Cleaning in a 90 (pics are gone)
Source: by slickerthanyou (bitch) at FSB

RABS Sensor (also called called VSS) Location & Sensor pic in a 95 8.8
Source: by Broncodell at FSB

RABS Sensor (also called called VSS) Location pic in an 8.8
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

RABS Sensor (also called called VSS) pic & Operational Description & Parameters
Source: by Ryan M (Fireguy50) at fordfuelinjection.com

RABS Sensor (also called called VSS) pic in a 95 8.8
Source: by Broncodell at SuperMotors.net

RABS Sensor (also called called VSS) Removal/Installation (rear diff); "...1 bolt holds it. clean around the area first so crap does't fall into your diff housing through the hole. be careful with it, the sensor housing is just plastic, and the magnet inside has wires that run to it. basically once you pull it, you will see it has a little rubber o ring for sealing (and it fits snugly, so if you've never removed it, it might feel like it does not want to come out at first). You can look down into your diff and see that it sits just right on top of a "toner" ring which turns with the carrier. The magnet at the tip is very close to this toothed ring, and the interuption of the magnetic field by the teeth as they pass close to the magnet creates a variable signal, which can be "interpreted" into a speed reference for the computer, tranny, etc..."
Source: by Shadofax (TheJuice, The Juice, Mark Z) at FSB

RABS Sensor (also called called VSS) Removal/Installation article & depiction
Source: by Chilton via Waltman at FSB

RABS Sensor (also called called VSS) Removal/Installation article & depiction
Source: by Chilton via Waltman at SuperMotors.net

RABS Sensor (also called called VSS) Replacement in a 90 (pics are gone)
Source: by slickerthanyou (bitch) at FSB

RABS Sensor (also called called VSS) Test; "...Rear axle sensor should read 800-1400 Ohms across the pins, and more than 10 Ohms from the metal shell to either pin..."
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

RABS Troubleshooting Flow Chart
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

RABS Troubleshooting in 87-92
Source: by ElKabong (Ken, El Kabong) & members at FSB

RABS Troubleshooting in an 88; click NEXT to View more pages; miesk5 Note; for all Resistance tests, battery needs to be disconnected; remove Negative cable at battery
Source: by Jem270 at SuperMotors.net

RABS Valve & Yellow Warning Light Location Diagram in 90-92 Bronco & 90-96 F Series
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

RABS Valve Connector Location in Frame Rail Diagram in a 90
Source: by Seattle FSB (SeattleFSB) at SuperMotors.net

RABS Valve pic in 87-92 Bronco & 87-96 F Series
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

RABS Wiring Diagram & Connector Pin-Outs in a 96 F150 from 1996 F-150, 250, 350 (4x4), and Bronco Vehicles Workshop Manual
Source: by Ford via thedieselstop.com

RABS Wiring Diagram in 87-89 Bronco & F series (Mitchell)
Source: by equivalent (Beetlejuice) at SuperMotors.net

RABS Wiring Diagram in a 91
Source: by Ford via Chilton

RABS Wiring Diagram; miesk5 Note, Steve83 wrote, The RABS module won't screw up the speedo or trans the way the 4WABS module can, and even if it goes bad, simply unplugging it removes it from the Gy/Bk circuit.
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

Repair Price Estimator, Bronco from 90-96 and other Fords; including labor & parts, shops in area, by Zip Code
Source: by RepairPal

Sensor, VSS or RABS; Applications, Bronco: "...Pre 85 used a cable-mounted VSS (6 pulses per cable rev) for cruise only; 85-91 used a t-case mounted VSS (6 pulses per cable rev) for cruise and E4OD shifting. The ABS sensor was only used for RABS. The ESOF t-case always had its own dedicated speed sensor in the tailhousing; Miesk5 Note Ford Part Number is 7f293, speed sensor; 92-96 use the ABS sensor (108 pulses per diff rev) in the rear axle (via the ABS module) to feed the PSOM, which then feeds everything else..."
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at FSB

Sensor, VSS or RABS?; by Bronco1 - "Depending on the year; 1992 + - It's called a RABS sensor, or a DSS (diff speed sensor), or rear axle sensor. At work (Ford dealership, we ask for a rear diff speed sensor. 1991 & older - If we want the one on the transmission or transfer case, we ask for the vehicle speed sensor at the trans or tranfer case." by MustangGT221 - "On the 92-96s there's no "VSS" in the transfer case or tranny, they did away with that cable operated stuff, and used the rear axle's ABS sensor to double as the "VSS" for 92-96. If you look in my 95 dealership manual, they list a vehicle speed sensor, when you look at what the book says it is, they say it's that ABS sensor in the rear diff, so according to that, 92-96's DO have a VSS, it's just simply the rear ABS sensor which now (on 92-96s) doubles as a speed sensor."
Source: by bronco1 and MustangGT221 at FSB

Specification Charts & Torque Specification; 87 to 96 (under license from Delmar Publishers, comb of Chilton/Nichols/Delmar & Haynes); some may be incorrect, as reported by Seabronc, thanks Seabronc! NEW SITE URL!!! MUST REGISTER TO VIEW; select year, make, model, engine size and go to appropriate section
Source: by Chilton via AutoZone

Speed Input Signal Test Connector for Differential Speed Sensor (DSS); (DSS is commonly called Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)); Located on LH Fender Apron in RABS Wiring Diagram in a 91
Source: by Chilton

Speed Input Signal Test Connector Location for Differential Speed Sensor (DSS) (also called Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)) Test Connector Located on LH Fender Apron in RABS Component Location Diagram in an 88
Source: by Jem270 at SuperMotors.net

Spindle Cut-Out pic for the ABS Sensor
Source: by Roadkill (The Beast) at SuperMotors.net

Symbols in Wiring Diagrams
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net

Tire Circumference Differences; "...Uneven tire and rim sizes on a vehicle will result in inaccurate wheel speed information being transmitted to the ABS Control Unit. This faulty information will cause ABS Lock-Out or erratic operation..."
Source: by priorreman.com

Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) Connector Location (C404) in Full Body Diagram in a 96, Page 3
Source: by Ford via Chilton

Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) Harness & Component Location Diagram, Ford Part Numbers, Depictions, etc. from Ford Workshop Manual in 96 Bronco, F-150, F-250, F-350, F-Super Duty Chassis Cab & Motorhome Chassis; use your Browser's SEARCH (or FIND) function to locate what you seek in each Diagram, such as speed, etc.
Source: by Ford via thedieselstop.com

Vehicle Speed Sensor — Positive to PCM & Negative (Return) to PCM to Safety Switch to PCM in PCM Connector Pin-Out Diagram with Circuit Functions in a 96 5.0 and 5.8 (Scroll Down) from 1996 F-150, 250, 350 (4x4), and Bronco Vehicles Workshop Manual
Source: by Ford via thedieselstop.com

Wiring Harness & Component Location Diagram, Ford Part Numbers, Depictions, etc. from Ford Workshop Manual in 96 Bronco, F-150, F-250, F-350, F-Super Duty Chassis Cab & Motorhome Chassis; use your Browser's SEARCH (or FIND) function to locate what you seek in each Diagram, such as Anti-Lock or Brake, etc.
Source: by Ford via thedieselstop.com